Table 1. Environmental management assessment items in the Korean animal welfare certification standards for Korean beef cattle and Dairy cattle

Livestock species	Assessment items	Assessment criteria	Assessment method
Hanwoo (Beef cattle)	Light	Provide at least 100 lux illumination during daylight hoursProvide resting areas with no more than 50 lux lighting	Yes / No1)
	Ventilation	The level of air pollution meets the standards, with ammonia concentrations not exceeding 25 ppm	Yes / No
		Relative humidity inside the barn is maintained below 80%	Yes / No
		No strong unpleasant dust or odor from gases is perceived inside the barn	0–5 scale2)
	Temperature	Adequate insulation and heating must be provided (confirm records of minimum barn temperature or measure during evaluation)	0–5 scale / No
		Measures to prevent heat stress, such as fans or misting systems, must be in place and implemented when necessary (confirm records of maximum barn temperature or measure during evaluation)	Yes / No
	Noise	There must be no continuous or excessive noise, or noise-generating equipment, that could cause discomfort to the assessor	Yes / No
Dairy cattle	Light	Provide at least 100 lux illumination during daylight hoursProvide resting areas with no more than 50 lux lighting	Yes / No
	Level of air pollution	The level of air pollution meets the standards, with ammonia concentrations not exceeding 25 ppm	Yes / No
		No strong unpleasant dust or odor from gases is perceived inside the barn	0–5 scale
	Temperature	Adequate insulation and heating must be provided (confirm records of minimum barn temperature or measure during evaluation)	0–5 scale / No
		Measures to prevent heat stress, such as fans or misting systems, must be in place and implemented when necessary (confirm records of maximum barn temperature or measure during evaluation)	Yes / No
	Noise	There must be no continuous or excessive noise, or noise-generating equipment, that could cause discomfort to the assessor	Yes / No

If any item was rated “No”, it was not eligible for certification.
Scoring criteria: 5 - excellent, 4 - good, 3 - moderate, 2 - inadequate, 1 - poor, 0 - none / very poor / not assessable.